Showing posts with label Problems. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Problems. Show all posts

Wednesday, September 4, 2013

plateau problems

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Friday, August 30, 2013

Brain Differences Seen in Kids With Conduct Problems

News Picture: Brain Differences Seen in Kids With Conduct Problems

THURSDAY, May 2 (HealthDay News) -- The brains of children with conduct problems don't react in a normal way when they see images of other people in pain, a new study finds.

Conduct problems include antisocial behaviors such as cruelty to others, physical aggression and a lack of empathy (callousness).

In this study, U.K. researchers used functional MRI to scan the brains of children with conduct problems and a control group of normally behaved children as they viewed images of other people in pain.

The children with conduct problems showed reduced responses to others' pain, specifically in regions of the brain that play a role in empathy. Among the children with conduct problems, those who were the most callous had the lowest levels of activation in these brain areas, according to the study. It was published May 2 in the journal Current Biology.

This pattern of reduced brain activity in children with conduct problems may be a risk factor for becoming psychopaths when they're adults, said Essi Viding, of University College London, and colleagues. Psychopathy includes traits such as callousness, manipulation, sensation-seeking and antisocial behaviors.

The researchers noted, however, that not all children with conduct problems are the same, and many do not continue their antisocial behavior as they get older.

"Our findings indicate that children with conduct problems have an atypical brain response to seeing other people in pain," Viding said in a journal news release. "It is important to view these findings as an indicator of early vulnerability, rather than biological destiny. We know that children can be very responsive to interventions, and the challenge is to make those interventions even better, so that we can really help the children, their families and their wider social environment."

-- Robert Preidt MedicalNews
Copyright © 2013 HealthDay. All rights reserved. SOURCE: Current Biology, news release, May 2, 2013



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Sunday, August 11, 2013

sleeping problems

Hi calorie counters, 

so recently my sleeping issues have gotten worse than usual. in the past few months i tend to stay awake till about 12 or 1 and even when i try going to sleep, it takes me half an hour to actually fall asleep and some nights i need to take half a sleeping pill (mercyndol) to fall asleep. im only 17, i don't think that at my age i should be taking something to fall asleep 

i think it was because during the holidays i had a lot of late nights and sleep-ins, but its been a while since then and i just can't get back into the swing of school, its bad as well cos instead of going to some of my early classes at 7:30 i just sleep instead :/ 

so in a nutshell this is getting in the way of my exercise, study and overall well-being, anyone know some techniques i can use to help my sleeps? 

much appreciated, msabulis


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Sunday, August 4, 2013

Thin Kids, Weight Problems

Thin Kids: Why the Scale Doesn't Matter webmd.ads.adSeedCall = function() { var self = this; var defer = new jQuery.Deferred(); // need a set a 1 second timeout here to resolve it if the ad call hangs // if we get to 1 seconds, resolve the deferred object self.adSeedCallTimeout = setTimeout(function(){ defer.resolve(); webmd.debug('timeout happened'); },1000); // grabs pageview id out of global scope and makes sure it exists as we need to pass it to ads in that case var pageviewId = window.s_pageview_id || ''; // save out the PB iFrame URL as we need to clean it up var iframeURLOutOfPB = '//as.webmd.com/html.ng/transactionID=896586481&tile=2063087126&tug=&pug=__&site=2&affiliate=20&hcent=11958&scent=1190&pos=5200&xpg=3609&sec=8006&au1=&au2=&uri=%2fparenting%2fraising-fit-kids%2fmove%2fskinny-kid-unhealthy&artid=091e9c5e80cd206a&inst=0&leaf=&cc=10&tmg=&bc=_diet_age1_&mcent=12001µ=¶ms.styles=json01&pvid=' + pageviewId; // remove the ampersands. This regex is cleaner than trying to drop it into an element and all that, as all we want it to replace the &'s var cleanIframeURL = iframeURLOutOfPB.replace(/&/g, '&'); // using require instead of webmd.load as we will eventually depracate webmd.load require([cleanIframeURL], function(){ // if you get here before the timeout, kill it clearTimeout(self.adSeedCallTimeout); // go ahead and resolve the deferred object. We will wait for lotame defer to be done, if it exists though // that allows us to make sure the lotame audience values are in the ads_perm cookie (or timeout occurred) // // if the ad call took forever and the deferred object was already resolved with the timeout, that is ok // because of deferred functionality, it will not be resolved again. Thanks jQuery if(webmd.object.get('webmd.lotame.defer')) { webmd.lotame.defer.done( function(){ defer.resolve(); } ); } else { defer.resolve(); } webmd.debug('actual seed call came back'); } ); return defer.promise(); } webmd.ads.adSeedCallPromise = webmd.ads.adSeedCall(); // self executing function for scope (function(){ // grabs pageview id out of global scope and makes sure it exists as we need to pass it to ads in that case var pageviewId = window.s_pageview_id || ''; var iframeURLOutOfPB = '//as.webmd.com/html.ng/transactionID=896586481&tile=2063087126&tug=&pug=__&site=2&affiliate=20&hcent=11958&scent=1190&pos=101&xpg=3609&sec=8006&au1=&au2=&uri=%2fparenting%2fraising-fit-kids%2fmove%2fskinny-kid-unhealthy&artid=091e9c5e80cd206a&inst=0&leaf=&segm=0&cc=10&tmg=&bc=_diet_age1_&mcent=12001µ=&pvid=' + pageviewId; var cleanIframeURL = iframeURLOutOfPB.replace(/&/g, '&'); // here we will use some of the ad params in the XSL to populate webmd.ads.params // we could move to use this param object to create ads instead of the URL above, but that will require a fundemental // change to webmd.ads, as the refresh function takes the "src" tag instead of individual params // something to look into as far as the future webmd.ads.params = { 'affiliate':'20', 'hcent':'11958', 'scent':'1190', 'xpg':'3609', /* leaf is all weird coming out of the XSL so we have to do this hack to it */ 'leaf':'&leaf='.replace(/&leaf=/, ''), 'site':'2', 'transactionID':'896586481', 'tile':'2063087126' } var ad = { adLocation:'banner', adURL:cleanIframeURL, trans:'896586481', tile:'2063087126', pos:'101' }; // check to make sure this seed call functionality exists, if it does, dooo it if(webmd.object.exists('webmd.ads.handleAdSeedCall')) { webmd.ads.handleAdSeedCall(ad); } })(); Skip to content WebMD: Better information. Better health. Enter Search Keywords. Use the arrow keys to navigate suggestions. Health A-Z

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Track your way to weight loss success Manage your family's vaccinations Join the conversation See more benefits Sign Up Why WebMD? My WebMD Show Menu My Tools My WebMD Pages My Account Sign Out FacebookTwitterPinterest WebMD Home next page Health & Parenting Center next page Raising Fit Kids next page Move Email a Friend Print Article if (pf_param == "true") {printElements();} Raising Fit Kids: Healthy Nurtition, Exercise, and Weight   This content is selected and controlled by WebMD's editorial staff in collaboration with Sanford Health Systems.False Is Your Skinny Kid Unhealthy? WebMD Feature

By Mary Jo DiLonardo

Reviewed By Hansa D. Bhargava, MD

Sometimes the scale doesn't matter. Your child might be at a healthy weight -- her body mass index (BMI) is in the normal range and she doesn't look like she has extra pounds.

But looks can be deceiving. If your child doesn't move enough and doesn't eat well, being at a healthy weight doesn't always mean she's actually fit and healthy. The goal for all parents should be to help their kids adopt healthy habits now, so you can help them avoid health problems like diabetes and heart issues related to being unfit.

Experts agree that a person's weight is not always a clear sign of good or bad health or fitness level.

Carl Lavie, MD, medical director of cardiac rehabilitation and prevention at the John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute in New Orleans, says the key is being physically fit -- especially getting aerobic exercise. "The people who are unfit, it almost doesn’t matter if they're thin or fat."

Lavie was one of the first researchers to document the "obesity paradox," which found that people who are overweight sometimes live longer and are healthier than people who are thinner.

"If you just look at weight alone, it can be very misleading," Lavie says. "Weight is both fat and muscle. You can have somebody who is normal weight but they don’t have any muscle and they're all fat. On the other hand, you [can] have someone who has pretty high weight and BMI and they're low fat -- like a middle linebacker in the NFL who is huge, but solid muscle."

Then Why Weigh?

Weight isn't the perfect predictor of good health. But it's still an important piece of information.

Weight and BMI give you and your child's doctor a basic idea of health, says Jeffrey Schwimmer, MD, director of the Weight and Wellness Center, Rady Children’s Hospital-San Diego. If your child isn't in the "normal" range, he may eventually be more likely to have certain health problems, like high blood pressure, heart disease, and liver disease.

The doctor will also care if someone in your family has a history of health problems like high blood pressure, type-2 diabetes, or fatty liver disease. Family history is a key part of your health information.

A Parent's Responsibility

As a parent, your job is to help your child build healthy habits, says Stephanie Walsh, MD, medical director for child wellness at Children's Healthcare of Atlanta.

Make sure they're active 60 minutes a day. "Are they out there playing and getting sweaty? They need to breathe hard and be a little stinky so you know they're really moving," Walsh says. Fill up half their plates with fruits and vegetables. Give them water, not sugary drinks. Be sure they get plenty of sleep. "If you don’t get enough sleep, everything seems worse," Walsh says. "Lack of sleep puts our bodies at significant stress." Limit screen time, including computers, phones, TV, and video games. 1 2 Go to next page #url_reference {display: none};#url_reference { display: block; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10px; }#logo_rdr img { visibility: visible; }.titleBar_rdr .titleBarMiddle_fmt { padding-top: 1.5em;}   For Kids and Parents. Kid Tested. Expert Approved. 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Healthy Recipe Finder BMI Calculator and Height Predictor // self executing function for scope (function(){ // grabs pageview id out of global scope and makes sure it exists as we need to pass it to ads in that case var pageviewId = window.s_pageview_id || ''; var iframeURLOutOfPB = '//as.webmd.com/html.ng/transactionID=896586481&tile=2063087126&tug=&pug=__&site=2&affiliate=20&hcent=11958&scent=1190&pos=113&xpg=3609&sec=8006&au1=&au2=&uri=%2fparenting%2fraising-fit-kids%2fmove%2fskinny-kid-unhealthy&artid=091e9c5e80cd206a&inst=0&leaf=&segm=0&cc=10&tmg=&bc=_diet_age1_&mcent=12001µ=&pvid=' + pageviewId; var cleanIframeURL = iframeURLOutOfPB.replace(/&/g, '&'); var ad = { adLocation:'left', adURL:cleanIframeURL, trans:'896586481', tile:'2063087126', pos:'113' }; // check to make sure this seed call functionality exists, if it does, dooo it if(webmd.object.exists('webmd.ads.handleAdSeedCall')) { webmd.ads.handleAdSeedCall(ad); } })(); This Week on Fit from WebMD and Sanford Sad Feel Better When You're Sad Stretch 3 Stretches for Kids girl face Got Finals? 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GO!/* ********************************* * Generic * ********************************* */#bmi-calc-rr .clear { clear: both; font-size: 0; line-height: 0; height: 0; overflow: hidden; }/* ********************************* * BMI Right Rail * ********************************* */#bmi-calc-rr { position: relative; width: 268px; /* width 300 */ padding: 15px; margin: 6px; border-left: solid 1px #ccc; border-right: solid 1px #ccc; }div#bmi-calc-rr-top { position: absolute; top: 0; left: -1px; width: 300px; height: 6px; background: url(http://img.webmd.com/dtmcms/live/webmd/consumer_assets/site_images/bmi-calc/images/right-rail/bmi-calc-rr-rounded-corners.jpg) no-repeat 0 0; }div#bmi-calc-rr-bottom { position: absolute; bottom: 0; left: -1px; width: 300px; height: 6px; background: url(http://img.webmd.com/dtmcms/live/webmd/consumer_assets/site_images/bmi-calc/images/right-rail/bmi-calc-rr-rounded-corners.jpg) no-repeat 0 -7px; }#bmi-calc-rr div.hr { font-size: 0; line-height: 0; height: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc; margin-bottom: 15px; }/* ********************************* * Font styles * ********************************* */#bmi-calc-rr .red { color: red; }#bmi-calc-rr h2 { color: #88A906; font-size: 180%; font-weight: normal; line-height: 110%; padding: 0 0 5px 0; margin: 0; }#bmi-calc, #bmi-calc-rr p { padding: 0; margin: 0 0 1em; color: #333; font-size: 90%; }#bmi-calc-rr .nospace { margin-bottom: 0; }#bmi-calc-rr .spacetop { margin-top: 1em; }#bmi-calc-rr .required { color: #88A906; }/* ********************************* * Form styles * ********************************* */#bmi-calc-rr div.col1, #bmi-calc-rr div.col2, #bmi-calc-rr div.col3 { position: relative; float: left; margin: 5px 0; }#bmi-calc-rr div.col1 { width: 67px; padding-top: 6px; }#bmi-calc-rr div.col2 { width: 89px; }#bmi-calc-rr div.nopad { padding: 0; }#bmi-calc-rr select, #bmi-calc-rr input { border: solid 1px #99b8cc; padding: 4px; }#bmi-calc-rr input.radio { border: none; }#bmi-calc-rr select.fixed { width: 64px; }#bmi-calc-rr input.fixed { width: 57px; }#bmi-calc-rr a#bmi-calc-rr-submit { height: 11px; margin-top: 15px; padding: 8px 0; line-height: 1em; background-position: -156px 0; color: #fff; }Kids Healthy Weight & BMI CalculatorEnter your child's information:Gender  Male  FemaleHeight--234567ft--01234567891011inBirthdate--010203040506070809101112mo--yrWeight lbsGet Started healthy taco Slideshow Family Comfort Food Makeovers mom getting kids into van Quiz Are Your Kids Too Busy?   boy eating chicken and veggies Quiz How Much Food is Too Much? kids playing in sprinkler Slideshow 11 Tips to Get Kids Active   Subscribe to WebMD Newsletters

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Friday, June 28, 2013

Early Thinking Problems May Signal Future Dementia in Parkinson's Patients

Title: Early Thinking Problems May Signal Future Dementia in Parkinson's Patients
Category: Health News
Created: 3/25/2013 4:36:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 3/26/2013 12:00:00 AM

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Thursday, June 27, 2013

Cholesterol Drugs Linked to Muscle, Joint Problems: Study

But heart benefits of statins outweigh risks, expert saysHigh cure rates, few side effects may make this

By Steven Reinberg

HealthDay Reporter

MONDAY, June 3 (HealthDay News) -- People taking statin drugs to lower their cholesterol may slightly increase their risk for muscle and joint diseases as well as strains and sprains, a new study suggests.

Statins, such as Zocor and Lipitor, are widely used to reduce cholesterol levels and help prevent heart disease. But they're also thought to contribute to muscle weakness, muscle cramps and tendon problems.

This new study, based on nearly 14,000 U.S. active-duty soldiers and veterans, confirmed an association between the drugs' use and musculoskeletal injuries and diseases. But the findings need to be replicated in other types of studies and should not deter people at risk of heart disease from taking the medications, said lead researcher Dr. Ishak Mansi, from the VA North Texas Health Care System in Dallas.

"Do not stop taking statins; these medications have been life-savers for some patients," Mansi said. "But talk to your doctor about the benefit-risk ratio for you."

Whether statins should be prescribed universally in people without risk factors for heart disease, as some in the health care field suggest, is another matter, Mansi said.

"The side effects of statins are not totally known yet," Mansi said. "Advocating widespread use, specifically for primary prevention in otherwise healthy subjects, is unsound."

The researchers matched nearly 7,000 statin users with a similar number of nonusers to assess the risk of musculoskeletal problems associated with statin use. The results were published online June 3 in the journal JAMA Internal Medicine.

They found that people taking statins had a 19 percent greater risk of having musculoskeletal problems compared with nonusers. Specifically, statin users were 13 percent more likely to suffer dislocations, strains or sprains. They were only 0.7 percent more likely to develop osteoarthritis or other joint problems, which was not considered statistically significant, the researchers found.

The greater likelihood of strains, sprains and dislocations with statin use has not been previously reported, the researchers said. The findings might have implications for physically active people, such as members of the military.

Dr. Gregg Fonarow, spokesman for the American Heart Association, said statin users should be reassured by the findings.

"This study provides further evidence that the proven cardiovascular benefits outweigh any potential risks, including musculoskeletal issues," said Fonarow, a professor of cardiology at the University of California, Los Angeles.

"Statins have been demonstrated in multiple large-scale, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trials to reduce the risk of ... cardiovascular events in men and women with or at risk for cardiovascular disease," he said. "In these gold-standard clinical trials there has been no increased risk of musculoskeletal disease."

In the current study, three-quarters of the participants were taking simvastatin (brand name Zocor) and about 20 percent were taking atorvastatin (Lipitor). Smaller numbers were prescribed pravastatin (Pravachol), rosuvastatin (Crestor), fluvastatin (Lescol) or lovastatin (Mevacor).


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Sunday, June 16, 2013

Woman's Tea Addiction Led to Loss of Teeth, Bone Problems

Extreme levels of fluoride from daily consumption of a concentrated brew caused pain, brittle teeth

By Barbara Bronson Gray

HealthDay Reporter

WEDNESDAY, March 20 (HealthDay News) -- Here's a cautionary tale about the value of moderation.

A case study reported in the March 21 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine shows how habitually drinking an extreme form of highly concentrated tea over almost 20 years created a hard-to-diagnose case of severe bone damage in a 47-year-old woman.

Worried that she had cancer, the patient told her primary care doctor in Lansing, Mich., that she was concerned about bone pain she had been having in her lower back, arms, legs and hips for five years. She also had had all her teeth extracted due to brittleness.

Her X-rays showed her bones were unusually dense, but there was no sign of disease. The fluoride level in her blood was also high. She was referred to Dr. Sudhaker Rao, section head of bone and mineral metabolism and director of the bone and mineral research laboratory at Henry Ford Health System in Detroit, for a bone biopsy.

The patient's intake of brewed tea was astronomically high, said Rao, who learned that the patient had been regularly drinking a pitcher a day of tea made from about 100 to 150 tea bags, which gave her more than 20 milligrams (mg) of fluoride. She had a fluoride concentration in her blood of 0.43 milligrams per liter, while the normal concentration is less than 0.10 mg per liter, Rao reported.

Fluoride is used to prevent tooth decay and is usually prescribed for children and adults whose homes have water that does not naturally have fluoride in it, according to the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

It turns out that Rao, the author of the case study, came from an area in India where fluoride levels in the water were naturally extremely high, sometimes causing a condition called skeletal fluorosis. He has also recently consulted on a few cases involving high fluoride in the blood, he pointed out.

"Most of us can excrete fluoride extremely well, but if you drink too much, it can be a problem," he said. Brewed tea has one of the highest fluoride contents of all the beverages in the United States, according to Rao. He immediately wondered if the fluoride in the concentrated tea concoction the woman was regularly drinking could be the cause of her bone troubles, he said. "There have been about three to four cases reported in the U.S. associated with ingesting tea, especially large amounts of it," he noted.

When Rao tried to perform the biopsy, the woman's bone was so hard he said his instrument could not penetrate the bone. "It was like steel," he said. "Her bone density was very high, seven times denser than normal."


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Wednesday, June 12, 2013

Woman's Tea Addiction Led to Loss of Teeth, Bone Problems

Title: Woman's Tea Addiction Led to Loss of Teeth, Bone Problems
Category: Health News
Created: 3/20/2013 6:35:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 3/21/2013 12:00:00 AM

View the original article here

Monday, June 10, 2013

Woman's Tea Addiction Led to Loss of Teeth, Bone Problems

Extreme levels of fluoride from daily consumption of a concentrated brew caused pain, brittle teeth

By Barbara Bronson Gray

HealthDay Reporter

WEDNESDAY, March 20 (HealthDay News) -- Here's a cautionary tale about the value of moderation.

A case study reported in the March 21 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine shows how habitually drinking an extreme form of highly concentrated tea over almost 20 years created a hard-to-diagnose case of severe bone damage in a 47-year-old woman.

Worried that she had cancer, the patient told her primary care doctor in Lansing, Mich., that she was concerned about bone pain she had been having in her lower back, arms, legs and hips for five years. She also had had all her teeth extracted due to brittleness.

Her X-rays showed her bones were unusually dense, but there was no sign of disease. The fluoride level in her blood was also high. She was referred to Dr. Sudhaker Rao, section head of bone and mineral metabolism and director of the bone and mineral research laboratory at Henry Ford Health System in Detroit, for a bone biopsy.

The patient's intake of brewed tea was astronomically high, said Rao, who learned that the patient had been regularly drinking a pitcher a day of tea made from about 100 to 150 tea bags, which gave her more than 20 milligrams (mg) of fluoride. She had a fluoride concentration in her blood of 0.43 milligrams per liter, while the normal concentration is less than 0.10 mg per liter, Rao reported.

Fluoride is used to prevent tooth decay and is usually prescribed for children and adults whose homes have water that does not naturally have fluoride in it, according to the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

It turns out that Rao, the author of the case study, came from an area in India where fluoride levels in the water were naturally extremely high, sometimes causing a condition called skeletal fluorosis. He has also recently consulted on a few cases involving high fluoride in the blood, he pointed out.

"Most of us can excrete fluoride extremely well, but if you drink too much, it can be a problem," he said. Brewed tea has one of the highest fluoride contents of all the beverages in the United States, according to Rao. He immediately wondered if the fluoride in the concentrated tea concoction the woman was regularly drinking could be the cause of her bone troubles, he said. "There have been about three to four cases reported in the U.S. associated with ingesting tea, especially large amounts of it," he noted.

When Rao tried to perform the biopsy, the woman's bone was so hard he said his instrument could not penetrate the bone. "It was like steel," he said. "Her bone density was very high, seven times denser than normal."


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Sunday, May 5, 2013

Brain Scans May Explain Thinking, Memory Problems in Some MS Patients

Study found more damaged white matter in brains

By Denise Mann

HealthDay Reporter

WEDNESDAY, March 6 (HealthDay News) -- Besides problems with gait and vision, people who have multiple sclerosis often complain they have trouble remembering things, and now new research may explain why.

According to a small study from the Netherlands, people with MS who report memory and thinking problems have more extensive damage to the white matter in their brains than their counterparts with MS who don't report such problems.

Up to 70 percent of all people with MS will experience a mental decline at some point, said study author Hanneke Hulst at the VU University Medical Center, in Amsterdam. And the new research "confirmed that cognitive symptoms in MS have a biological basis," Hulst said.

The findings were published online March 6 in Neurology.

MS is an autoimmune disease that occurs when the body attacks myelin, a fatty substance that insulates the nerve fibers of the central nervous system. The brain's white matter is surrounded by myelin. Symptoms range in severity and may include problems with gait, balance, vision, memory and thinking abilities.

To get a better picture of what was going on in the brains of people with MS, Hulst and colleagues used a new type of brain scan called diffusion tensor imaging along with traditional MRI scans on 20 people with MS-related thinking problems, 35 people with MS whose thinking ability was not affected by the disease and 30 people without MS.

More damage appeared in the brain's white matter of people with MS who reported memory and thinking impairments than in those who had MS but no such complaints about mental declines: 76 percent vs. 49 percent, respectively. This was especially apparent in areas of the brain charged with memory, attention and concentration, the researchers said.

"Imaging can now be used to capture a wider spectrum of changes in the brains of people with MS, and will therefore help determine more accurately whether new treatments are helping with all aspects of the disease, including cognitive [mental] impairment," Hulst said. "Unfortunately, at the moment there are no treatments available to prevent or cure cognitive problems in MS."

Dr. Steven Mandel, a neurologist at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York City, said the new study validates some of the complaints he hears from people with MS. "The test is not ready for prime time, but in the future, it can help us sort out how impaired these individuals are in regard to everyday life and daily living." It may also serve as a marker to assess whether a treatment is making a difference, he said.

Dr. Fred Lublin, director of the Corinne Goldsmith Dickinson Center for Multiple Sclerosis at Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York City, said that memory and thinking problems are common in people with MS, but they are usually subtle.

"People with MS are more aware of [these problems] than are the people around them," Lublin said. Still, he added, "this is an important finding that helps us better understand how cognitive impairment occurs and therefore can be a marker for treatments in the future."

More information

Learn more about how MS affects memory and concentration at the National Multiple Sclerosis Society.


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Wednesday, May 1, 2013

Bath Salts Drugs: Problems, Ingredients, Dangers, and More

"Ivory Wave," "Purple Wave," Vanilla Sky," and "Bliss" are among the many street names of so-called designer drugs known as “bath salts,” which have sparked thousands of calls to poison centers across the U.S.

These drugs contain synthetic chemicals that are similar to amphetamines. Some, but not all, of the chemicals used to make them are illegal.

"Is this what we put in our bathtubs, like Epsom salts? No," says Zane Horowitz, MD, an ER doctor and medical director of the Oregon Poison Center.

These drugs have nothing to do with real bath salts -- or "jewelry cleaner," or "plant food," or "phone screen cleaner," which they're also sometimes called, according to the National Institute on Drug Abuse.

Exactly which chemicals are in the drugs isn't known. 

"The presumption is that most ‘bath salts’ are MDPV, or methylenedioxypyrovalerone, although newer... derivatives are being made by illegal street chemists," Horowitz says. "Nobody really knows, because there has been no way to test for these substances. However, that is changing, and some tests for certain of these chemicals have been developed."

The effects can include agitation, paranoia, hallucinations, chest pain, increased pulse, high blood pressure, and suicidal thinking/behavior, Horowitz says.

Suicidal thinking/behavior may last "even after the stimulatory effects of the drugs have worn off," Horowitz says. "At least for MDPV, there have been a few highly publicized suicides a few days after their use."

In July 2012, the Synthetic Drug Abuse Prevention Act made it illegal to possess, use, or distribute many of the chemicals used to make bath salts, including Mephedrone and MDPV. Methylone, another such chemical, remains under a DEA regulatory ban. In all, the law covers 26 chemicals, all of them ingredients in synthetic drugs.

That's a "help," says DEA spokeswoman Barbara Carreno, "but we haven't controlled everything out there."

"The federal law passed [in 2012] bans a handful of the chemicals used to make them but not all of them," Horowitz says. "Those chemicals are now labeled as schedule 1 drugs, which means they have no medicinal value but a high potential for abuse."

"We don’t know if they are addictive. We have not had enough long-term experience with it," Horowitz says. However, he points out that many stimulant drugs do make people crave them.

The main problem is the toxic effects that these drugs have right away.

"They snort it, shoot it, mix it with food and drink," Horowitz says.

"Drug makers will keep creating new combinations at home and in illicit labs," Horowitz says.

"It’s almost impossible to keep up... Enforcement of the laws is difficult but it's getting better. But there's an ongoing battle between those trying to develop the technology to test for these chemicals and the street chemists who are trying to stay ahead of the law. Unfortunately, the law won't make this problem disappear. We're going to continue to see a lot of this type of thing. It will always be in the shadows."


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Tuesday, April 30, 2013

Gel Manicures Durable, But Can Cause Lasting Problems

Dermatologist says use this nail treatment in

By Robert Preidt

HealthDay Reporter

FRIDAY, March 1 (HealthDay News) -- Many women like gel manicures because they are durable and long-lasting, but frequent use can cause nail thinning, brittleness, peeling and cracking, and also hide nail disease, an expert warns.

"In general, any manicure left in place for an extended period of time is not a good idea because you are not seeing what is going on underneath the nail polish," Dr. Chris Adigun, an assistant professor of dermatology at the New York University School of Medicine in New York City, said in an American Academy of Dermatology news release.

"As is the case with most things, moderation is the key when it comes to gel manicures," she said. "If you get them regularly, you need to be aware of the possible consequences and see a board-certified dermatologist if a persistent nail problem develops."

It's unclear whether nail brittleness associated with gel manicures is caused by chemicals in the gel nail polish or by the acetone soaks needed to remove the polish. Acetone dries nails and irritates the skin around the nail, Adigun said.

She said women who get frequent gel manicures need to know that the UV light used to cure the gel is a risk factor for skin cancer. Also, photo damage from the UV light can cause cosmetic changes in the skin surrounding nails.

Another potential problem is that nails continually covered in polish hide any problems occurring under the nail, such as an infection or tumor. This could delay diagnosis and treatment, she said.

Adigun offered the following tips for getting gel manicures:

Pay attention to your nails and allow them to regrow and repair. Consider getting gel manicures only occasionally to decrease the risk of problems.When getting gel manicures, wear a broad-spectrum sunscreen on your hands to minimize damage caused by exposure to UV light during the curing process.Tell the manicurist not to push or manipulate the cuticle because that will increase the risk of inflammation and infection and also dry out the nail.Use traditional nail polish instead of gel nail polish if you have recurring nail problems, or if you have an allergy to acetone, which is used to remove gel manicures.Rehydrate your nails several times a day with a moisturizing product, such as petroleum jelly, to combat brittleness, thinning and chipping.When removing gel nail polish, do not chip it with other nails or tools.Soak only the nails, not the whole hand or fingers, in acetone while nail polish is being removed. This will help prevent skin irritation. If you get gel manicures frequently, consider buying finger wraps that expose only the nails and protect surrounding skin.If you notice any unusual changes to the nails, see a dermatologist.

More information

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has more about nail-care products.


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